County of San Bernardino | |||
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— County — | |||
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Location in the state of California | |||
California's location in the United States | |||
Country | United States | ||
State | California | ||
Region/Metro area | Inland Empire | ||
Incorporated | 1853 | ||
Named for | Saint Bernardino of Siena [1][2] | ||
County seat | San Bernardino | ||
Largest city | San Bernardino | ||
Area | |||
• Total | 20,105 sq mi (52,071.7 km2) | ||
• Land | 20,052 sq mi (51,934.4 km2) | ||
• Water | 53 sq mi (137.3 km2) | ||
Population (2010 Census) | 2,035,210 | ||
• Density | 85/sq mi (32.8/km2) | ||
Time zone | Pacific Standard Time (UTC-8) | ||
• Summer (DST) | Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7) | ||
Website | www.sbcounty.gov |
San Bernardino County is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,035,210, up from 1,709,434 as of the 2000 census. With an area of 20,105 square miles, San Bernardino County is the largest county in the contiguous United States by area, larger than any of the nine smallest states, and larger than the four smallest states combined; and larger than the closest-sized countries of Bosnia and Herzegovina or Costa Rica.[3]
Located in southeast California, the thinly populated deserts and mountains of this vast county stretch from where the bulk of the county population resides, the roughly 480 square miles south of the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino Valley, to the Nevada border and the Colorado River.
The county seat is San Bernardino. The county is considered part of the Inland Empire region.
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Father Francisco Dumetz named San Bernardino on May 20, 1810, feast day of St. Bernardino of Siena.
San Bernardino County was formed from parts of Los Angeles County in 1853. Parts of the county's territory were given to Riverside County in 1893.
The Franciscans gave the name San Bernardino to the snowcapped peak in Southern California, in honor of the saint and it is from him that the county derives its name.[2]
San Bernardino County is part of the Inland Empire area of Southern California which also includes Riverside County. At just over 20,000 square miles (52,000 km2), San Bernardino County is slightly larger than the states of New Jersey, Connecticut, Delaware and Rhode Island combined. It is the largest county in the Continental Unites States. It is the only county in California bordered by both Nevada and Arizona, and is one of only two counties in California bordering more than one U.S. state (the other being Modoc County, bordering Nevada and Oregon in the northeast corner of the state).
The bulk of the population, roughly 1.6 million, live in the roughly 480 square miles south of the San Bernardino Mountains adjacent to Riverside and in the San Bernardino Valley. Another 300 thousand plus live just north of the San Bernardino Mountains, agglomerating around Victorville covering roughly 280 square miles in Victor Valley, adjacent to Los Angeles County. Another roughly 100 thousand live scattered across the sprawling county.
The Mojave National Preserve covers some of the eastern desert, especially between Interstate 15 and Interstate 40. The desert portion also includes the cities of Needles next to the Colorado River, and Barstow at the junction in Interstate 15 and Interstate 40. Trona is at the northwestern part of the county west of Death Valley. This national park, mostly within Inyo County, also has a small portion of land within the San Bernardino County. The largest metropolitan area in the Mojave Desert part of the county is Victor Valley, with the incorporated localities of Apple Valley, Victorville, Adelanto, and Hesperia. Further south, a portion of Joshua Tree National Park overlaps the county near Twentynine Palms. Additional places near and west of Twentynine palms include Yucca Valley, Joshua Tree, and Morongo Valley.
The mountains are home to the San Bernardino National Forest, and include the communities of Crestline, Lake Arrowhead, Running Springs, Big Bear City, Forest Falls, and Big Bear Lake.
The San Bernardino Valley is at the eastern end of the San Gabriel Valley. The San Bernardino Valley includes the cities of Ontario, Chino, Chino Hills, Upland, Fontana, Rialto, Colton, Grand Terrace, Rancho Cucamonga, San Bernardino, Loma Linda, Highland, Redlands, and Yucaipa.
San Bernardino County Cities |
Year Incorporated |
Population, 2010 |
Median Income, 2006[4] |
---|---|---|---|
Adelanto | 1970 | 31,765 | $41,444 |
Apple Valley | 1988 | 69,135 | $46,751 |
Barstow | 1947 | 22,639 | $44,737 |
Big Bear Lake | 1981 | 5,019 | $43,983 |
Chino | 1910 | 77,983 | $70,994 |
Chino Hills | 1991 | 74,799 | $103,706 |
Colton | 1887 | 52,154 | $45,911 |
Fontana | 1952 | 196,069 | $60,722 |
Grand Terrace | 1978 | 12,040 | $69,806 |
Hesperia | 1988 | 90,173 | $43,018 |
Highland | 1987 | 53,104 | $53,917 |
Loma Linda | 1970 | 23,261 | $49,211 |
Montclair | 1956 | 36,664 | $52,768 |
Needles | 1913 | 4,844 | $35,338 |
Ontario | 1891 | 163,924 | $56,688 |
Rancho Cucamonga | 1977 | 165,269 | $75,429 |
Redlands | 1888 | 68,747 | $63,463 |
Rialto | 1911 | 99,171 | $45,759 |
San Bernardino | 1854 | 209,924 | $36,676 |
Twentynine Palms | 1987 | 25,048 | $36,471 |
Upland | 1906 | 73,732 | $64,894 |
Victorville | 1962 | 115,903 | $50,531 |
Yucaipa | 1989 | 51,367 | $50,529 |
Yucca Valley | 1991 | 20,700 | $38,092 |
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Historical populations | |||
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Census | Pop. | %± | |
1900 | 27,929 |
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1910 | 56,706 | 103.0% | |
1920 | 73,401 | 29.4% | |
1930 | 133,900 | 82.4% | |
1940 | 161,108 | 20.3% | |
1950 | 281,642 | 74.8% | |
1960 | 503,591 | 78.8% | |
1970 | 684,072 | 35.8% | |
1980 | 895,016 | 30.8% | |
1990 | 1,418,380 | 58.5% | |
2000 | 1,709,434 | 20.5% | |
2010 | 2,035,210 | 19.1% |
The 2010 United States Census reported that San Bernardino County had a population of 2,035,210. The racial makeup of San Bernardino County was 1,153,161 (56.7%) White, 181,862 (8.9%) African American, 22,689 (1.1%) Native American, 128,603 (6.3%) Asian, 6,870 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 439,661 (21.6%) from other races, and 102,364 (5.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,001,145 persons (49.2%).[5]
Population reported at 2010 United States Census | |||||||||
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|
Population |
|
American |
American |
|
Islander |
races |
more races |
or Latino (of any race) |
San Bernardino County | 2,035,210 | 1,153,161 | 181,862 | 22,689 | 128,603 | 6,870 | 439,661 | 102,364 | 1,001,145 |
cities and towns |
Population |
|
American |
American |
|
Islander |
races |
more races |
or Latino (of any race) |
Adelanto | 31,765 | 13,909 | 6,511 | 411 | 617 | 194 | 8,337 | 1,786 | 18,513 |
Apple Valley | 69,135 | 47,762 | 6,321 | 779 | 2,020 | 294 | 8,345 | 3,614 | 20,156 |
Barstow | 22,639 | 11,840 | 3,313 | 477 | 723 | 278 | 4,242 | 1,766 | 9,700 |
Big Bear Lake | 5,019 | 4,204 | 22 | 48 | 78 | 10 | 491 | 166 | 1,076 |
Chino | 77,983 | 43,981 | 4,829 | 786 | 8,159 | 168 | 16,503 | 3,557 | 41,993 |
Chino Hills | 74,799 | 38,035 | 3,415 | 379 | 22,676 | 115 | 6,520 | 3,659 | 21,802 |
Colton | 52,154 | 22,613 | 5,055 | 661 | 2,590 | 176 | 18,413 | 2,646 | 37,039 |
Fontana | 196,069 | 92,978 | 19,574 | 1,957 | 12,948 | 547 | 58,449 | 9,616 | 130,957 |
Grand Terrace | 12,040 | 7,912 | 673 | 120 | 778 | 32 | 1,898 | 627 | 4,708 |
Hesperia | 90,173 | 55,129 | 5,226 | 1,118 | 1,884 | 270 | 22,115 | 4,431 | 44,091 |
Highland | 53,104 | 27,836 | 5,887 | 542 | 3,954 | 168 | 11,826 | 2,891 | 25,556 |
Loma Linda | 23,261 | 11,122 | 2,032 | 97 | 6,589 | 154 | 2,022 | 1,245 | 5,171 |
Montclair | 36,664 | 19,337 | 1,908 | 434 | 3,425 | 74 | 9,882 | 1,604 | 25,744 |
Needles | 4,844 | 3,669 | 95 | 399 | 35 | 9 | 323 | 314 | 1,083 |
Ontario | 163,924 | 83,683 | 10,561 | 1,686 | 8,453 | 514 | 51,373 | 7,654 | 113,085 |
Rancho Cucamonga | 165,269 | 102,401 | 15,246 | 1,134 | 17,208 | 443 | 19,878 | 8,959 | 57,688 |
Redlands | 68,747 | 47,452 | 3,564 | 625 | 5,216 | 235 | 8,266 | 3,389 | 20,810 |
Rialto | 99,171 | 43,592 | 16,236 | 1,062 | 2,258 | 361 | 30,993 | 4,669 | 67,038 |
San Bernardino | 209,924 | 95,734 | 31,582 | 2,822 | 8,454 | 839 | 59,827 | 10,666 | 125,994 |
Twentynine Palms | 25,048 | 17,938 | 2,063 | 329 | 979 | 345 | 1,678 | 1,716 | 5,212 |
Upland | 73,732 | 48,364 | 5,400 | 522 | 6,217 | 159 | 9,509 | 3,561 | 28,035 |
Victorville | 115,903 | 56,258 | 19,483 | 1,665 | 4,641 | 489 | 26,036 | 7,331 | 55,359 |
Yucaipa | 51,367 | 40,824 | 837 | 485 | 1,431 | 74 | 5,589 | 2,127 | 13,943 |
Yucca Valley | 20,700 | 17,280 | 666 | 232 | 469 | 44 | 1,185 | 824 | 3,679 |
places |
Population |
|
American |
American |
|
Islander |
races |
more races |
or Latino (of any race) |
Baker | 735 | 302 | 1 | 5 | 10 | 14 | 380 | 23 | 502 |
Big Bear City | 12,304 | 10,252 | 83 | 202 | 103 | 31 | 1,089 | 544 | 2,323 |
Big River | 1,327 | 1,137 | 14 | 50 | 2 | 0 | 54 | 70 | 160 |
Bloomington | 23,851 | 12,988 | 649 | 309 | 330 | 47 | 8,600 | 928 | 19,326 |
Bluewater | 172 | 156 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 11 |
Crestline | 10,770 | 9,289 | 107 | 135 | 96 | 20 | 526 | 597 | 1,775 |
Fort Irwin | 8,845 | 5,481 | 1,086 | 103 | 402 | 120 | 916 | 737 | 2,261 |
Homestead Valley | 3,032 | 2,594 | 34 | 58 | 30 | 9 | 196 | 111 | 517 |
Joshua Tree | 7,414 | 6,176 | 234 | 84 | 104 | 18 | 368 | 430 | 1,308 |
Lake Arrowhead | 12,424 | 10,729 | 95 | 93 | 152 | 33 | 847 | 475 | 2,709 |
Lenwood | 3,543 | 2,133 | 219 | 94 | 37 | 25 | 813 | 222 | 1,675 |
Lucerne Valley | 5,811 | 4,507 | 170 | 106 | 90 | 0 | 676 | 262 | 1,447 |
Lytle Creek | 701 | 606 | 6 | 7 | 23 | 0 | 25 | 34 | 98 |
Mentone | 8,720 | 6,114 | 438 | 122 | 352 | 32 | 1,234 | 428 | 3,085 |
Morongo Valley | 3,552 | 3,076 | 40 | 73 | 31 | 4 | 187 | 141 | 531 |
Mountain View Acres | 3,130 | 1,748 | 215 | 48 | 98 | 17 | 861 | 143 | 1,647 |
Muscoy | 10,644 | 4,459 | 454 | 125 | 101 | 16 | 4,992 | 497 | 8,824 |
Oak Glen | 638 | 545 | 50 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 14 | 13 | 123 |
Oak Hills | 8,879 | 6,796 | 266 | 100 | 226 | 28 | 1,166 | 297 | 2,719 |
Phelan | 14,304 | 10,807 | 276 | 139 | 446 | 20 | 1,993 | 623 | 4,128 |
Piñon Hills | 7,272 | 5,966 | 58 | 65 | 189 | 4 | 659 | 331 | 1,738 |
Running Springs | 4,862 | 4,325 | 23 | 47 | 50 | 6 | 146 | 265 | 695 |
San Antonio Heights | 3,371 | 2,765 | 67 | 24 | 284 | 15 | 115 | 101 | 612 |
Searles Valley | 1,739 | 1,405 | 69 | 56 | 16 | 6 | 83 | 104 | 293 |
Silver Lakes | 5,623 | 4,566 | 315 | 39 | 198 | 15 | 270 | 220 | 907 |
Spring Valley Lake | 8,220 | 6,450 | 403 | 55 | 381 | 23 | 481 | 427 | 1,528 |
Wrightwood | 4,525 | 4,126 | 38 | 28 | 51 | 7 | 112 | 163 | 538 |
communities |
Population |
|
American |
American |
|
Islander |
races |
more races |
or Latino (of any race) |
All others not CDPs (combined) | 115,368 | 69,810 | 5,951 | 1,738 | 2,997 | 366 | 29,149 | 5,357 | 61,233 |
As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 1,709,434 people, 528,594 households, and 404,374 families residing in the county. The population density was 85 people per square mile (33/km²). There were 601,369 housing units at an average density of 30 per square mile (12/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 58.9% White, 9.1% African American, 1.2% Native American, 4.7% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 20.8% from other races, and 5.0% from two or more races. 39.2% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 8.3% were of German, 5.5% English and 5.1% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000. 66.1% spoke English, 27.7% Spanish and 1.1% Tagalog as their first language.
There were 528,594 households out of which 43.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 18.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.2 and the average family size was 3.6.
The number of homeless in San Bernardino County grew from 5,270 in 2002 to 7,331 in 2007, a 39% increase.[7]
In the county the population was spread out with 32.3% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.20 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $42,066, and the median income for a family was $46,574. Males had a median income of $37,025 versus $27,993 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,856. About 12.6% of families and 15.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.6% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.
San Bernardino County is home to the San Bernardino County Library system, which consists of 34 branches within the county and branches in Victorville, Riverside County, Murrieta, Moreno Valley, and College of the Desert.[9] Branch libraries offer services such as free internet access, live 24/7 reference services, vital records, LITE (Literacy, Information, Technology, and Education) Centers for children, and literacy programs.[10]
City-sponsored public libraries also exist in San Bernardino County, including A. K. Smiley Public Library in Redlands, California, which was built in 1898.[11] Other public libraries in the County include: San Bernardino City Public Library, Rancho Cucamonga Public Library, Upland Public Library, Montclair Public Library, Colton City Library, Apple Valley Public Library, and the Ontario City Library.[12]
The San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors has 5 members elected from their districts.
Year | GOP | DEM | Others |
---|---|---|---|
2008 | 45.8% 277,408 | 52.1% 315,720 | 2.2% 13,206 |
2004 | 55.3% 289,306 | 43.6% 227,789 | 1.1% 5,682 |
2000 | 48.8% 221,757 | 47.2% 214,749 | 4.0% 18,387 |
1996 | 43.6% 180,135 | 44.4% 183,372 | 12.1% 49,848 |
1992 | 37.2% 176,563 | 38.7% 183,634 | 24.0% 113,873 |
1988 | 60.0% 235,167 | 38.6% 151,118 | 1.5% 5,723 |
1984 | 64.8% 222,071 | 34.0% 116,454 | 1.2% 4,180 |
1980 | 59.7% 172,957 | 31.7% 91,790 | 8.7% 25,065 |
1976 | 49.5% 113,265 | 47.9% 109,636 | 2.6% 5,984 |
1972 | 59.7% 144,689 | 35.5% 85,986 | 4.8% 11,581 |
1968 | 50.1% 111,974 | 40.0% 89,418 | 9.9% 22,224 |
1964 | 42.8% 92,145 | 57.1% 123,012 | 0.1% 243 |
1960 | 52.0% 99,481 | 47.5% 90,888 | 0.5% 944 |
1956 | 56.9% 86,263 | 42.8% 64,946 | 0.3% 443 |
1952 | 57.3% 77,718 | 41.8% 56,663 | 0.9% 1,153 |
1948 | 48.6% 46,570 | 47.7% 45,691 | 3.8% 3,577 |
1944 | 46.5% 34,084 | 52.6% 38,530 | 0.9% 646 |
1940 | 44.3% 30,511 | 54.5% 37,520 | 1.2% 847 |
1936 | 39.0% 22,219 | 59.5% 33,955 | 1.5% 842 |
1932 | 44.6% 22,094 | 50.2% 24,889 | 5.2% 2,565 |
1928 | 74.7% 29,229 | 24.1% 9,436 | 1.1% 447 |
1924 | 56.9% 15,974 | 9.4% 2,634 | 33.7% 9,453 |
1920 | 62.8% 12,518 | 28.2% 5,620 | 9.0% 1,783 |
San Bernardino County is a politically competitive county, in which candidates from both major political parties have won in recent elections. The Democratic Party carried the county in 2008, with Barack Obama winning a majority of its votes, and in 1992 and 1996, when Bill Clinton won pluralities. Republican George W. Bush took the county in 2000 by a plurality and in 2004. The county is split between heavily Latino, middle-class, and Democratic areas and more wealthy conservative areas. The heavily Latino cities of Ontario and San Bernardino went for John Kerry in 2004, but with a relatively low voter turnout. In 2006, San Bernardino's population exceeded 201,000, and in 2004, only 42,520 votes were cast in the city; in 2006, strongly Republican Rancho Cucamonga had over 145,000 residents, of whom 53,054 voted.
In the House of Representatives, all of California's 43rd congressional district and parts of the 25th, 26th, 41st, and 42nd districts are in the county. Except for the 43rd, which is held by Democrat Joe Baca, every district is held by Republicans: Buck McKeon, David Dreier, Jerry Lewis, and Gary Miller respectively.
In the State Assembly, tiny parts of the 32nd and 34th districts, parts of the 36th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 63rd, and 65th districts, and all of the 62nd district are in the county. Except for the 61st and 62nd districts, which are represented by Democrats Norma Torres and Wilmer Carter respectively, every district is represented by a Republican: Shannon Grove (AD-32), Minority Leader Connie Conway (AD-34), Steve Knight (AD-36), Tim Donnelly (AD-59), Curt Hagman (AD-60), Mike Morrell (AD-63), and Paul Cook (AD-65).
In the State Senate, parts of the 17th, 18th, 29th, 31st, and 32nd districts are in the county, and are held by Republicans Sharon Runner, Jean Fuller, Bob Huff, and Minority Leader Bob Dutton, and Democrat Gloria Negrete McLeod respectively.
On Nov. 4, 2008 San Bernardino County voted 67% for Proposition 8, which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages.
According to the California Secretary of State, as of May, 2009, there were 806,589 registered voters in San Bernardino County. Of those, 324,857 (40.28%) were registered Democrats, 306,203 (37.96%) were registered Republicans, with the remainder belonging to minor political parties or declining to state.[13]
The county's primary law enforcement agency is the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department. The department provides law enforcement services in the unincorporated areas of the county and in 14 contract cities, operates the county jail system, provides marshal services in the county superior courts, and has numerous other divisions to serve the residents of the county.
Sergeant Phil Brown of the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department said the gangs are growing more violent in the farthest reaches of the county, including the High Desert. Racial tensions among the Chicano gangs and the African-American gangs have heightened dramatically in the Inland Empire, causing even the most rural areas to be affected. "It's getting out in more remote areas," Brown said. "They go gang against gang. There's more gang violence to the general public and it's becoming more random..."[14]
Crime in 2005 (reported by the sheriff's office)[15]
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The county operates the San Bernardino County Consolidated Fire District (commonly known as the San Bernardino County Fire Department). The department provides "all-risk" fire, rescue, and emergency medical services to all unincorporated areas, except for several areas served by independent fire protection districts, within the county as well as several cities which have chosen to contract with the department.
California Attorney General Jerry Brown sued the county in April 2007 under the state's environmental quality act for failing to account for the impact of global warming in the county's 25-year growth plan, approved in March. The Center for Biological Diversity, the Sierra Club and the Audubon Society also sued in a separate case. According to Brendan Cummings, a senior attorney for the plaintiffs: "San Bernardino has never seen a project it didn't like. They rubber-stamp development. It's very much of a frontier mentality." The plaintiffs want the county to rewrite its growth plan's environmental impact statement to include methods to measure greenhouse gases and take steps to reduce them.[16]
According to county spokesman David Wert, only 15% of the county is actually controlled by the county; the rest is cities and federal and state land. However, the county says it will make sure employment centers and housing are near transportation corridors to reduce traffic and do more to promote compact development and mass transit. The county budgeted $325,000 to fight the lawsuit.[16]
The state and the county reached a settlement in August 2007.[17] The county agreed to amend its general plan to include a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Plan, including an emissions inventory and reduction targets.
Including current residents, as well as former residents who have made their mark in history:
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